Early, “localised” PCa confined within the prostate causes no symptoms and can be cured. Early “locally advanced” PCa spreading just outside the prostate may also be curable in some cases, but late, locally advanced PCa and PCa that has spread elsewhere – “metastatic” – is not curable. At present in the UK only 49% of patients present with early PCa. The remaining 51% present with advanced disease – 16% metastatic – and these are the cases that contribute almost exclusively to our unacceptably high death rate.
Early diagnosis and treatment is also cost-effective. It has been estimated that the cost of long-term treatment of incurable PCa is £240,000/patient, from diagnosis of advanced PCa to ultimate death many years later!